Switch



SWETCH;

APPLxCATIoN man sEPLzo, 1920,

Aurua'rletn1 STATES j PATENT, OFFICE-f nnoLrII A. GAZDA, or cHIcAGo, ILLINOIS, AssIeNoR To KAEsTNEn a HECVHT vcoIilIIANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or" ILLINOIS. a

SWITCH.

1,425,003.k i j! n To whom t may concern.

.Be` it rknown that I, ADoLPH A,fGAzDA,

a" citizen of the United States, residing at.y

Chicago,in the county `ofGook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Switches, of which the following is a specification. i

;My invention relates to control switches forQelectrical equipment, and more specifically to an improved and simpliied switch embodying unitary meansfor dampingthe movement ofy the armature toward the pole and also for preventing too close contact between the armature and the pole when thev` `switch is closed. v n,

` In electricalswitches, a movable armature is yattracted toward a pole pieceby the delivery of electrical energyto a suitablecoil surrounding the pole. The movablearmature is ordinarily mechanically connected A through one or more links to a pneumatic or hydraulic dash pot or damping device which prevents `too rapid movement of the parts and eliminates noise and rattling.` If thereA isany looseness 1n the mechanical connec-` tions between the dash pot piston andthe armature, however, it will bepobvious that this allows'relative movements between the parts which are not damped in anywa It is also necessary that the armature slsiould not lie in actual contact with the ole piece when the switch is closed, as if it oes, there is apt to be developed sucient 7residual magnetism to hold the parts 3' in vcontact and make thel switch stick when itshouldo'pen. According tov my invention a single `element functions bothas a dampingmeans and asV a stop to hold the armature properly spaced from the pole. In the accompanyingdrawings Figure v1 `is a section of so much of an n electric switch as is necessary to illustrate the application oi my invention thereto.

Fig.n 2 is a fragmentary view of thevsaxne parts with the armature in the open position.

In the embodiment of my invention selected for illustration a suitable pole piece 10 of magnetic material is surrounded by a suitable coil 12 by means of which flux may be generated in the pole to operate the switch. The tace of the pole has a central hole or socket 14 extending into the pole and receiving `the combined damping element Specification of Letters Patent; yPaten Withthe' parts in closed position as shown in Fig. "1 the armature 2O is firmly held against the end of the pin lbythe `magnetic force acting thereon, which'pin projects beyond the face of the vpole and acts as a stop forthe armature. The shell 18 rests' firmly` on the bottom `of the socket and it will be seen that theiy vstructural elements resisting the magnetic f force are disposed" along the line of that force and properly ual. magnetismto hold it in contact with ythe armature and draw it out into the'position shown in Fio. 2, the' space at the bot-` tom of the pole einglled by air which Hows in aroundy the shell.' When the'power is subsequently turned on the yair pocketedin ted Aug. 8, 1922.` applicati@y ined september 2o, i920. serial ,No.ireay sot the bottom lof the hole has to escape 1n the p same way itfent'ered, thus strongly dampingithe inward vmovement of the armature, until a positive limit is imposed onfurther movement by Contact betweenftlie shell and the bottom of the hole.

The `eXtreme simplicity yof mydevice will be apparent. There are nov mechanical con-'f nectionsto wearer get out of order and the single unitary device` made up of a small Shell with va pin in it performs the functions hitherto obtained by the use of compli-y cated linkages, and dash pots structurally i ward closedpositiomthere is nothing to rattle by reason of'lostmotion at thebeginning` of the closingmovement.

While I have illustrated and described in detail the preferred embodiment of my in-v vention, it should be clearly understood that i the disclosure is merely for urposes of illustration and that many modifications and variations willv naturally occur to those skilled in the art. l aim in the subjoined claims to cover all such legitimate variations and modifications.

I claim as my invention: i

l. The combination of a movable switch member of magnetic material, an electromagnet including a stationary pole piece arranged to move said switch member, said. pole piece havinga socket in its tace, and

a damping plunger loosely slidable in said socket, the movement of said plunger in either direction being` ei'llected by the switch member.` y y p 2. A switch and stop means therefor comprising, in combination, a pole piece having a socket in its face and a slidable element in said socket of a length sutiicien't to hold the armature spaced from the pole.

3. A switch comprising, in combination, a pole piece having a socket in its face opposite thearmature and a slidable plunger reciprocating in said aperture, a portion of:

Said plunger in contact with said armature being of magnetic material and having suliicient residual magnetism to cause said plunger to follow the ,armature in its outward movement. y

et, vA switchhaving, in combination, a pole piece, a socket in the faceol? the pole piece, a shell of non-magnetic material having a loose sliding lit in said socket and a core 0i2 magnetic material rigidly mounted in said shell. l

Iny electro-magnetic devices for producing mechanical,movement, two magnetic ele ments mounted tor relative movementby means of the magnetic forces acting between them and a third element having continuous sliding contact` with one ol" said elements and magnetically held in contact. with the other of d elements throughout the operation of the device.- I

`6.111 electro-magnetic devices [or producing mechanical movement,v two magi'ietic elements `mounted for relative movementI b v means oit the magnetic forces acting between them and a third element having continuous sliding cont-act with one oit said elements and magnetically held in contact with the other of said elements throughout the operation ofthe device, and means for cushioning the two elements having a sliding counection. l

7. In electro-magnetic devices for prodmc-K ing mechanical movement, tivo magnetic ele ments mounted for relative movement by means fof the magnetic forces acting between them and a third element having continuous sliding contact with one of said elements and magnetically held in contact with the other oit' said elements throughout the operation of the device, and means for limiting the movement of said first mentioned clements toward each `other by limiting the movement oit' the third element with respect to the element on which it slides. y

5%. A switch havin g, in combination, a pole piece, a socket in the 'tace of the pole piece, a shell of non-magnetic material having a loose slidingfit in said socket vand a core of magnetic mateiiial rigidly mounted in said shell, said shell terminating flush with the tace oit' the pole piece when in contact. with the bottom of the socket and said core projecting' slightly beyond the plane ot the outer end ol" Ithe shell.

9. A switch having, in combination, a pole piece, a socket in the pole piece, a shell of non-magnetic material in the socket, and a core of' magnetic material in the shell.

`l0. In electro-magnetic devices `for producing mechanical movement, a fixed structureI a movable struct-ure, an element having damped moifement with respect to said tixed structure andinagnctic means for causing said element to lollow the n'iovements of said movable structure.

Ill. In electro-magnetic devices for producing mechanical movement, a movable structure, an element supported for damped movement, said element being movable with said movable structure by means oit residual magnetism. l

'12. ln electromagnetic devices `tor prodecine; mechanical movement, a fixed strncture having` a. socket in its face, av movable structure, an element snlallcr in cross section than said socket and slidable therein, and means -for moving said element whereby an annular flow of air about said element will ensue.

13. ln electro-magnetic devices for pro-- ducing mechanical movement`r a fixed struc` turc, a `movableI structure. an element slidable with respect to said Ytificil structure for damped movement through a certain range termiiiating in a rigid stop, and means operating by residual magnetism for moving said element with the ijnovements ot said movable structure. y

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand.

ADOLPH A. GAZDA. 

